Honey candy is an innovation in the field of utilizing honey for hygienic consumption, and honey has a high value if it is processed into a candy innovation. This study aims to determine the process of making real honey candy and the ratio of initial and post-cooking weight of two types of honey, namely Trigona biroi honey and Apis dorsata. The data used in this study are secondary and primary data. Data collection took place for 1 month, from September to October 2020 in Waetuo VillageWest Malangke North Luwu. Data were collected from experimental results. This study uses quantitative descriptive analysis presented in the form of tables and paragraph descriptions that provide an overview of the object under study through sample and population data. The results of this study indicate that the weight ratio of Trigona biroi and Apis dorsata honey where the cooking time and honey quality will affect the honey weight. So that in Trigona biroi honey, the water content is higher than that of Apis dorsata. The cooking time for Trigona biroi is 5 minutes to 15 minutes, the final weight is 11 grams, 8 grams and 5 grams. while the final weight of Apis dorsata is 18 grams, 16 grams and 14 grams.

The diversity of ferns (Pteridophyta) in the Matalawa National Park (TN) is beginning to be disturbed. This situation is caused by the activities of humans living in the vicinity of the Matalawa National Park who use the forest in an unsustainable way. The purpose of this study was to describe the diversity of Pteridophyta in the Matalawa National Park on the island. The results showed that there were 22 types of Pteridophyta at all research stations. The diversity of Pteridophyta in the Matalawa National Park is classified as moderate with a value (H) = 2.76. The diversity of Pteridophyta at the 4 research stations was also included in the medium category with a value (H) of 2.34 for station I, 2.02 for station II, 2.05 for station III and 2.23 for station IV.

Timber in brackish waters and at sea is often damaged by marine wood borer (marine borers). For some fishing communities and people living in coastal areas, the use of boats is very important for them as a support for their livelihood as a means of transportation. Until now, the use of wood as raw material for boats is still frequently used. The wood used in boat building will of course often come in contact with sea water so that it does not rule out the attack of marine borers that will reduce the strength of the wood especially if it is used for a long time. The research objective was to determine the effect of the length of testing at sea on the strength (MOE and MOR) and the natural durability of Malapoga wood (Toona ciliata) and Tea wood (Artocarpus elasticus Reinw. Ex Blume). This research was conducted for 3 months at the Material Testing Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Agrotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, while testing for marine borers was carried out in the waters of Talise Village, East Palu District, Palu City, Central Sulawesi. The test uses the Malapoga wood and Tea wood test samples with sizes2 cm x 2 cm x 30 cm. Meanwhile, at sea testing and data analysis using a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern with 2 factors was repeated 5 times so that there were 30 samples with 10 test samples (control) without immersion in the sea. The results showed that the length of the test had a very significant effect on the strength of wood (MOE and MOR) and the natural durability of wood (weight loss percentage) and the types of Malapoga wood and Tea wood were classified in the strong class V (five).

Wildlife trade for consumption needs is found in various regions in Indonesia, one of which is in North Sulawesi Province. This animal trade spreads in traditional markets, including the Beriman Market in Tomohon which is also a domestic and foreign tourist destination, Langowan and Kawangkoan Markets in Kab. Minahasa. Karombassan and Bersehati Market in Manado City. Even the trade in wild animal meat has now entered modern markets in Manado City, which is the capital of North Sulawesi Province. This development of course threatens the preservation of biodiversity, especially endemic species. This study aims to determine the types of wildlife traded in North Sulawesi both in traditional and modern markets, to compare the price of wild animal meat in traditional and modern markets in North Sulawesi, and to determine the conservation status of traded wildlife species. There are 8 types of wild animals traded in traditional markets and 5 species in modern markets. The price of wild animal meat in the modern market is higher than in the traditional market. There was one endemic species that was traded, and 2 species that were listed in Appendix II of CITES.

The low infiltration rate causes most of the rainwater that falls to the ground to become surface runoff, and only a small portion of the water can enter the ground as groundwater storage. The infiltration in the Tandung Billa IUPHKm location includes the use of forest land, shrubs, and mixed gardens, and the management carried out by the community at the Tandung Billa IUPHkm location is the cultivation of agricultural/plantation crops under tree stands in hilly or slightly sloping areas. Land use in the Tandung Billa Community Forest Utilization Business Permit (IUPHKm) consists of forest land, shrubs, and mixed gardens; each land use affects soil and land conditions, which in turn will affect the infiltration rate of the land. Therefore it is necessary to know how the infiltration rate in forest land use, mixed garden shrubs. Measurement of the infiltration rate was carried out by taking soil samples for physical properties, and soil moisture content in three different land uses, namely forest, shrub, and mixed garden land use; the measurement was carried out using a double-ring infiltrometer. The results showed that the infiltration rate on forest land was classified as medium-fast, namely = 83 mm / hour, with clay texture, then the infiltration rate in shrubland was classified as moderate, namely = .62 mm / hour, with clay soil texture and clay. The infiltration rate in mixed garden land/agroforestry is classified as moderate, namely = 53 mm / hour with a dusty clay texture.